To Save for Retirement, Workers Need an Emergency Savings Solution

What You Need to Know

S. 4353 is known as the Rise & Shine Act bill.
The Emergency Savings Act section could add optional savings funds to defined contribution plans.
Workers could use after-tax, Roth-style contributions to build up to $2,500 in account value.
Workers could withdraw the cash without including the distributions in taxable income.

If we’ve learned anything from the past couple of years, it’s to expect the unexpected.

For retirement savers this has been a challenge — particularly with many struggling to balance daily expenses, retirement saving, and debt.

The right emergency savings package could be a valuable benefit for workers, and recent legislative proposals seek to tackle that challenge.

Helping Emergency Savings Become More Accessible

Workers and retirees are chronically under-saved, particularly for short-term expenses and emergencies. According to several studies, fewer than 4 in 10 Americans have saved enough to cover an unexpected expense of $1,000.

With debt balances across the U.S. now at $1.7 trillion (about $5,200 per person more than in 2019), low- to middle-income workers in particular are feeling the pinch of rising day-to-day expenses, increased debt, and saving for retirement.

There’s nothing extravagant in their plans for the future. In fact, many workers today report they simply hope to maintain their current standard of living in retirement, with only 40% saying they feel confident they’ll have enough saved to live comfortably, according to recent Principal research.

A Solution: Emergency Savings Funds

It’s not just workers worrying about these issues, policymakers are concerned, too.

In late March, as Secure 2.0 was being passed in the House, the Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee also held a hearing on similar retirement topics.

Building off provisions from the Rise Act, Secure 2.0, and the Retirement Security and Savings Act, the new proposed Rise & Shine Act, or S. 4353, focuses on creating additional protections for workers and retirement savers at all stages of their retirement timelines.

Approved in mid-June by the Senate HELP Committee, the Rise & Shine Act would enact a number of improvements to the retirement system, including a provision that would enable employers to offer post-tax emergency savings accounts into which employees may be automatically enrolled to fund emergency expenses.

Diving deeper, meet the Rise & Shine Act’s “emergency savings sidecar”:

A new optional benefit offering for employers, emergency savings accounts could only be offered in combination with a defined contribution retirement savings plan (hence the “sidecar account” nickname).
Employers could choose to automatically enroll employees into the emergency savings account up to a maximum of 3% of an employee’s salary, and the accounts are capped at $2,500 (or lower as set by the employer).
Contributions to emergency savings accounts are made post-tax and treated as elective deferrals for purposes of retirement matching contributions. Matching contributions are made to the defined contribution retirement plan.
Once the cap is reached, if there’s an excess of emergency savings contributions, those funds would route to the worker’s retirement account. (E.g., if a worker contributes over $2,500, funds above that threshold would divert to the worker’s retirement savings account.)

Employers could also contribute to the emergency savings accounts (separate from matching contributions). Withdrawals could be restricted, but not less than monthly.

Important to note: In contrast with retirement savings plans, no early withdrawal penalty would apply to withdrawals from these sidecar accounts.

The Bad News: Administrative Headaches

The Rise & Shine Act states that all contributions to the accounts must be combined with the defined contribution retirement savings plan for application of contribution and annual additions limits, and nondiscrimination and top-heavy testing.

That’s a potential headache for many.

The Senate Finance Committee Alternative

Quickly following the HELP Committee’s work, the Senate Finance Committee unanimously passed their own retirement bill: the Enhancing American Retirement Now, or EARN Act.

This legislation also addresses emergency savings, but rather than establish a separate savings account, the EARN Act would allow for annual, penalty-free withdrawals (up to a max of $1,000 from defined contribution plans), and the ability to make withdrawals for any reason.

While this idea seems less complicated than the sidecar option, it comes with its own set of concerns and administrative issues.