EVs vs Hybrids vs Plug-in Hybrids: What's the difference?
Shopping for a green vehicle? Let’s compare your three options: hybrid, plug-in hybrid, and electric, so you can decide which is right for you. The video above is a little dated in terms of available models, electric ranges and other specs, but still does a great job of explaining the mechanical differences and what that means to how they drive and how much fuel they’ll save.
Hybrid
A hybrid vehicle has two powertrains, one gasoline and one electric, which work together for maximum efficiency. In some situations, the engine can shut off entirely, relying solely on the battery. The battery is charged by capturing energy from the braking system or directly from the gas motor. Hybrids come in all shapes and size, and the most fuel efficient today can return almost 60 miles per gallon. It’s a great choice if you want to save on fuel without sacrificing range or lifestyle. There’s no electric charging to worry about. Just fill the hybrid with gas, and go.
Plug-In Hybrid (PHEV)
A plug-in hybrid, also called a PHEV, is a step towards full electrification. PHEVs typically can go between 10 and 50 miles on electricity alone. Once the battery is drained, PHEVs operate like conventional hybrids and switch between gas and electric operation seamlessly.
Now, PHEVs do require some extra effort. To get the maximum EV range every time you drive, you’ll need to plug into a charger daily, but the beauty of the PHEV is its flexibility. For example, a Toyota RAV4 Prime with fully-charged battery can travel 42 miles on electricity alone. That’s enough for most commutes. Add a full tank of gas, and the combined range extends to a massive 600 miles. The PHEV’s best for people with short commutes who can take full advantage of the EV-only capabilities, but who also routinely venture out on longer-distance trip where recharging an EV would be inconvenient or impossible. Access to a charger in your home or workplace is essential to get the most out of a PHEV.
Electric Vehicle (EV)
Electric vehicles, or EVs are true to their name. Fully electric with no gasoline engine even as a backup. Today’s EVs have EPA-estimated ranges that can top 500 miles, but most are in between 200 and 350 miles. Highway driving, cold weather, and driving habits can all negatively impact an EV’s range in a dramatic fashion, and since recharging is a more time-consuming process with far fewer stations, you need to plan your trips carefully.
Also, the EV driving experience is different from a traditional car. EVs offer a strong swell of power from a stop, something most drivers like. Let off, and most EVs will begin harvesting energy to regenerate the battery charge. This regenerative braking effect can be so strong, it’s possible to “one-pedal drive” most of the time. It’s a little strange at first, but can be fun after a while and a real help when stuck in stop-and-go traffic.
EVs are best for urban drivers who have a short commute, access to a charger, and are comfortable planning a charging strategy ahead of time so they don’t run out of juice on the road. Thankfully, doing so is getting increasingly easy (especially if you go with Tesla and its exclusive network of Supercharger stations) and more chargers are opening up all the time from multiple companies such as Electrify America. You’ll need to know the differences in charging speed and how much electricity your car can swallow, but that’s easy enough information to find and understand.
With a little preparation, you can find the green vehicle that best fits your lifestyle, and remember, Autoblog’s Car Finder is always there to help. Happy hunting.
