Paid bill for a procedure in June, now being billed again?

So I had an in-office procedure on 5/3, and was sent a bill from the doctor’s office for it on 6/9. I have a copy of this bill – it was around $450 after insurance adjustment (the adjustments were noted on the bill), and I paid it on 6/19. I have records of both the original billing statement and my payment, but not the original EOB.

I switched insurance providers in September, and I thought I was fully paid off with my previous insurance company – there were no outstanding bills that I could find. But I just got billed again from my doctor’s office for another $700 on that same 5/3 procedure, and just received an EOB from my former insurance company saying that this fee is a correction towards the previous claim, with the date submitted being 11/15.

Is there anything I can do about this? It seems genuinely insane that they can wait until I’m no longer insured by them and then go back and “correct” a paid bill to cover less. And my doctor did this procedure again in August (when I thought that the out of pocket for it was under $500 based on my previous bill), so I’m really worried I’m going to get slammed by a second “corrected” bill for that one, too. Any advice would be appreciated.