Nearly got scammed, what should I do?

I am not a citizen but am currently living in the US on a visa so I was looking to get health insurance. I looked up Obamacare as it had been recommended to me and naively went to the first site google showed me.

This led me to be connected to an agent on the phone. He asked me basic personal info at first, nothing intrusive, and then lead me through discussing multiple “plans” that I had been approved for, ultimately deciding on an Aetna First Health PPO. I kept asking whether I could revisit this next week as I was being bombarded with a bunch of information and wanted to do some further research. Having little knowledge of what the process of getting health insurance is like, he told me I had already been approved for these plans and it was limited enrollment so it could not be revisited on a different date.

It wasn’t until I’d already given him more of my personal information that he asked for my credit card information. This then raised more red flags for me but he was really insistent on it having to be done today and other vague threats which unfortunately worked on me. So I gave him my credit card information but as he was going through more “details” I started looking up a bunch of the terms he was using and was shown similar stories and websites warning of signs which absolutely applied to my situation.

So I immediately started backtracking and asking him to cancel the transaction and informed him I wasn’t interested anymore. I also asked him about this company called Innovative Partners which popped up in my search and was also on the emails I had received from him and he gave me a very evasive answer. So as I kept insisting I didn’t want insurance anymore his friendly and courteous demeanor quickly changed and he started becoming more persistent and aggressive, keeping me on the phone another 20 minutes as we argued back and forth about how I can’t cancel now because he had waived my application fee, it’s illegal to not have health insurance and he would report me, I will not be able to enroll anywhere for the next 90 days, etc.

Ultimately he finally caved and stopped the process because he needed me to confirm the information from my own device, which I refused to do. So he told me I’d get billed the now cancelled application to my home address and to educate myself better before wasting anyone else’s time😐

After the fact I did some more research to better educated myself on what had just happened to me and was able to confirm it was a scam because I looked up phone numbers he’d given me to contact support and of course they popped up as scams.

Thankfully no transactions went through and I’ve blocked my credit card and am getting a new one but I am still concerned that a random scam company has my information.

Now:

Is there anything I can/should do to protect myself now that they have my information?

How can I avoid this in the future? Where can I better educate myself on how to properly get insurance?

Any suggestions are appreciated!